What did turkification mean?

Turkification, Turkization, or Turkicization (Turkish: Türkleştirme), describes both a cultural and language shift whereby populations or states were forcefully assimilated or adopted a historical Turkic culture, such as in the Ottoman Empire, and the Turkish nationalist policies of the Republic of Turkey toward ethnic …

Was Azerbaijan in the Ottoman Empire?

As civil conflicts took hold in Iran, most of Azerbaijan was occupied by the Ottomans from 1722 to 1736. Between 1722 and 1735, during the reign of Peter the Great, the Caspian coast (including Derbent, Baku and Salyan) came under Imperial Russian rule as a result of the Russo-Persian War.

What is Turkification in Turkey?

Turkification, Turkization, or Turkicization ( Turkish: Türkleştirme ), describes both a cultural and language shift whereby populations or states adopted a historical Turkic culture, such as in the Ottoman Empire, and the Turkish nationalist policies of the Republic of Turkey toward ethnic minorities in Turkey.

How did the Turks become Turkic?

An early form of Turkification occurred in the time of the Seljuk Empire among the local population of Anatolia, involving intermarriages, religious conversion, linguistic shift and interethnic relationships, which today is reflected in the genetic makeup of the modern Turkish people.

What is the difference between Ottomanization and Turkification?

“Turkification” started being used interchangeably with “Ottomanization” after the rise of Turkish nationalism in the 20th century. The term has been used in the Greek language since the 1300s or late-Byzantine era as “εκτουρκισμός”, or “τούρκεμα”. It literally means “becoming Turk”.

Why did the Turks not assimilate into the population?

Unlike in many other cases, where a dominant minority eventually became assimilated into the majority population, because of the unstable, chaotic frontier situation, the Turks did not assimilate into the population. Indeed, many locals (ethnic Greeks and Armenians) attached themselves to Turkish warlords for protection as clients.