How do we think hot Jupiters formed?

How do we think hot Jupiters formed? Hot Jupiters formed beyond the frost line, as in our solar system, and migrated inward due to interaction with the solar nebula. We think that it is possible for planets to migrate through their disks because of interactions with the gas in the disk.

How do we explain hot Jupiters?

Hot Jupiters are a class of gas giant exoplanets that are inferred to be physically similar to Jupiter but that have very short orbital periods (P < 10 days). The close proximity to their stars and high surface-atmosphere temperatures resulted in the moniker “hot Jupiters”.

Why don’t we have a hot Jupiter?

Why doesn’t our solar system have a hot jupiter? – Quora. Hot Jupiters are giant planets which are very similar to Jupiter, but orbit very much closer in than Mercury is to our sun, so these planets have orbital period of two or three days and are extremely hot – absolutely getting roasted.

How was Jupiter and Saturn formed?

Formation. Saturn took shape when the rest of the solar system formed about 4.5 billion years ago when gravity pulled swirling gas and dust in to become this gas giant. Like Jupiter, Saturn is mostly made of hydrogen and helium, the same two main components that make up the Sun.

How do we think the hot Jupiters around other stars were formed quizlet?

How do we think the “hot Jupiters” around other stars were formed? They formed as gas giants beyond the frost line and then migrated inwards. The gas in the solar nebula would create a drag on the planets and their orbits would migrate inwards.

How do we think hot Jupiters got so close to their stars?

The gravitational coupling between the two planets causes the inner planet to go into an eccentric, needle-shaped orbit. The inner planet’s orbit gradually shrinks because energy is dissipated through tides, pulling in close to the star and producing a hot Jupiter. In the process, the orbit of the planet can flip.

How common are hot Jupiters?

Hot Jupiters are giant planets that orbit very close to their host star, typically less than one-tenth the distance between Earth and the Sun. They are found in about 1 percent of systems. Since their initial discovery in the 1990s, astronomers have wondered how these strange planets got to where they are today.

Where was Jupiter formed?

One day on Jupiter takes only about 10 hours (the time it takes for Jupiter to rotate or spin around once), and Jupiter makes a complete orbit around the Sun (a year in Jovian time) in about 12 Earth years (4,333 Earth days). Its equator is tilted with respect to its orbital path around the Sun by just 3 degrees.

How has the discovery of hot Jupiters impacted the nebular theory of solar system formation?

There are no hot Jupiters in our solar system. Once the hot Jupiters were discovered, it was natural that the nebular theory would need to be extended to accomodate them. Today, the leading hypothesis for the existence of hot Jupiters is that they formed in their outer solar systems and then migrated inward.

Which method is responsible for the most discoveries of planets orbiting other stars quizlet?

Radial Velocity (RV) methods are very successful, responsible for most planet discoveries to date.

How hot are hot Jupiters?

They seem to group into three families, the science team found: the “cooler” hot Jupiters, with atmospheric temperatures up to about 1,300 degrees Fahrenheit (700 degrees Celsius), “hot” hot Jupiters, from about 1,300 to 3,100 degrees Fahrenheit (700 to 1,700 degrees Celsius), and ultra-hot Jupiters, those above 3,100 …

What is a hot Jupiter?

Planets like these are referred to as “Hot Jupiters.” Kepler was designed specifically to detect Earth-size planets in the Habitable zone of solar-like stars. But it will also be capable of finding a range of planets as small as Mars in short period orbits to gas-giant planets, from burning hot to frozen worlds.

What is the migration theory of Jupiter’s formation?

In the migration hypothesis, a hot Jupiter forms beyond the frost line, from rock, ice, and gases via the core accretion method of planetary formation. The planet then migrates inwards to the star where it eventually forms a stable orbit.

How does the size of a hot Jupiter affect other planets?

The increase of the mass of the locally growing hot Jupiter has a number of possible effects on neighboring planets. If the hot Jupiter maintains an eccentricity greater than 0.01, sweeping secular resonances can increase the eccentricity of a companion planet, causing it to collide with the hot Jupiter.

Why do hot Jupiters have such large envelopes?

The large radii of hot Jupiters are not yet fully understood but it is thought that the expanded envelopes can be attributed to high stellar irradiation, high atmospheric opacities, possible internal energy sources, and orbits close enough to their stars for the outer layers of the planets to exceed their Roche limit and be pulled further outward.