What are the two components of epidemiology?

Modern epidemiologists use informatics as a tool. Observational studies have two components, descriptive and analytical. Descriptive observations pertain to the “who, what, where and when of health-related state occurrence”.

What are the 3 main elements of descriptive epidemiology?

In descriptive epidemiology, we organize and summarize data according to time, place, and person. These three characteristics are sometimes called the epidemiologic variables.

What are the key concepts of epidemiology?

Epidemiology is based on two fundamental assumptions. First, the occurrence of disease is not random (i.e., various factors influence the likelihood of developing disease). Second, the study of populations enables the identification of the causes and preventive factors associated with disease.

What are the 5 main objectives of epidemiology?

In the mid-1980s, five major tasks of epidemiology in public health practice were identified: public health surveillance, field investigation, analytic studies, evaluation, and linkages. (17) A sixth task, policy development, was recently added.

What is a component cause?

A component cause of a disease is an event required for the disease to develop. Given a disease or medical condition, there is a causality chain of events from the first event to the appearance of the clinical disease A cause of a disease event is an event that preceded the disease event in a disease causal chain.

What are the types of epidemiology?

Epidemiologic studies fall into two categories: experimental and observational.

What are the key 6 characteristics of epidemiology?

It extracts six types of epidemiological characteristic: design of the study, population that has been studied, exposure, outcome, covariates and effect size.

What are the four methods of epidemiology?

Epidemiological investigations can be grouped into four broad categories: Observational epidemiology, experimental epidemiology, natural experiments, and Theoretical epidemiology. Several types study designs and measures of relationship are used in these investigations.

What are the 7 uses of epidemiology?

Epidemiology: Uses of epidemiology

• To study the disease trend since past.
• Community diagnosis.
• Planning and evaluation of health services.
• Evaluation of a new therapy or a new health measure.
• Determining the risk to an individual.
• Identification of syndromes.
• Filling in the gaps in the natural history of the disease.

What is component cause in epidemiology?

Each component in a sufficient cause is called a component cause, and epidemiologists tend to refer to the components as “causes” because the outcome will not occur by that pathway if any one of the components is missing (or prevented) within a given sufficient cause model.

What is the epidemiology triangle?

The Epidemiologic Triangle, sometimes referred to as the Epidemiologic Triad, is a tool that scientists use for addressing the three components that contribute to the spread of disease: an external agent, a susceptible host and an environment that brings the agent and host together.

What are the main features of Epidemiology?

A key feature of epidemiology is the measurement of disease outcomes in relation to a population at risk. The population at risk is the group of people, healthy or sick, who would be counted as cases if they had the disease being studied.

What is epidemiology and why is it important?

Epidemiology is the study of how diseases affect the health and illness of populations. It aims to act in the interest of public health and preventive medicine. It also important in public health research.

What are the advantages of Epidemiology?

Advantages More control over the quality of the data. More in-depth data possibly collected on each case than is usually possible with notifications. Can identify the spectrum of illness, including cases that do not warrant medical care. More accurate assessment of true incidence and prevalence.

What are strategies of Epidemiology?

Strategic plan for the future of epidemiology to embrace the full potential of new and emerging analytic technologies, exposures, and data sources. Investigators will prioritize research that evaluates emerging exposures, including novel biomarkers, employs cutting-edge exposure assessment, and strives to reflect the racial and ethnic diversity of the U.S. population.