Why is manifold pressure important?

The manifold pressure gauge tells you how much air is available to be combined with fuel; if you add the proper amount of fuel power will result. Manifold pressure, then, represents the potential for power development.

Why positive air pressure must be maintained inside the accommodation at all times and how it is achieved?

It is essential that the accommodation is kept under positive pressure to prevent the entry of hydrocarbon vapours. Intakes for air conditioning units are normally positioned in gas safe areas, and under normal conditions vapour will not be drawn into the accommodation.

What is manifold in tankers?

marine. The terminal point of the tanker deck piping. It consists of a number of pipes. Eeach of them branches off into two or more open ends for cargo loading or discharge.

What are the procedures performed during a tanker loading operation?

During loading operations, watch oil loading pressure all the time, and monitor portions where oil is likely to leak. Excessive vibrations on piping systems must be attended to immediately. Cargo Loading Rates: The vessel’s maximum loading rate and maximum venting capacity must be posted in the cargo control room.

What is the purpose of manifold?

Featuring a series of tubes, the intake manifold ensures that the air coming into the engine is evenly distributed to all the cylinders. This air is used during the first stroke of the combustion process. The intake manifold also helps cool down the cylinders to prevent the engine from overheating.

How do you explain manifold pressure?

Manifold pressure is the pressure in the fuel\air mixture between the throttle and the engine. When the throttle is at low power, then it is preventing fuel\air from flowing which causes a reduction in pressure.

Why cargo tank should be inerted during loading and discharging of crude oil?

Tankers carry flammable cargoes. For this reason, the oxygen level inside the cargo tanks need to be such that even if the source of ignition is accidentally present, the fire triangle would still not complete. The process of reducing the oxygen level in the cargo tank is called inerting.

What is the purpose of loading arms?

A loading arm permits the transfer of liquid or liquefied gas from one tank to another through an articulated pipe system consisting of rigid piping and swivel joints to obtain flexibility. Transfer to or from a truck transported tank or rail transported tank requires a Top Loading Arm or a Bottom Loading Arm.

What precautions to be taken while connecting hose to ship’s manifold?

Shore hoses or arms should be empty when brought aboard. If the hoses or arms are full they must be drained into the ship’s manifold trough before connecting. Shore personnel must agree to let the ship pump the drainings to the shore containment.

What is loading on top in tanker ship?

Load on top is the shipboard procedure of collecting and settling water and oil mixtures, resulting from ballasting and tank cleaning operations (usually in a special slop tank or tanks), and subsequently loading cargo on top of and pumping the mixture ashore at the discharge port.

What is preparation for loading?

Before loading any cargo, check Certificate of Fitness, heating requirements, cargo & coating compatibility, density…. Make sure that you can load it! Strictly review cargo documents, including viscosity and melting point.

Where does the oil cargo connect to the tanker’s manifold?

It connects to the tanker’s manifold usually located near the center of the ship. Loading oil cargo in a tanker ship requires utmost diligence in planning, and most careful consideration will need to be made for safe operation.

When does the Chief Officer Order the manifold valves to open?

Once the Chief Officer is satisfied that all preparations have been made following the cargo oil loading plan and the shore facility representative has confirmed that the facility is ready to load cargo, he may order the opening of the designated manifold valves and loading operation to commence following the loading plan.

Why is the maximum rate at which a vessel may load restricted?

The primary consideration for restricting the maximum rate at which a vessel may load is to prevent the excessive build-up of pressure within the cargo system.

What happens if there is an incident at the manifold?

If an incident at the manifold occurs, such as a burst pipe or failure of the manifold connection, the agreed to shut down procedure must be put into action first, and the Emergency Alarms sounded. The gangway watchman may perform this duty.