What is government in political science?

A government is an institution or a system made of a group of people that takes care or manages a country or a state. Every government has its own constitution or a set of fundamental principles that it follows to ensure effective governance.

How did the philosophers of the Enlightenment view the relationship between government and governed?

John Locke was perhaps the foremost philosopher of the Enlightenment. He believed that a government was legitimate only if the people it ruled consented to its authority. He also believed the government should protect the natural rights of citizens and that all individuals should be equal under the law.

What did the philosophers of the Enlightenment believe?

Enlightenment thinkers wanted to improve human conditions on earth rather than concern themselves with religion and the afterlife. These thinkers valued reason, science, religious tolerance, and what they called “natural rights”—life, liberty, and property.

What is it called when a government is ruled by men?

A government consisting entirely of men: also called a phallocracy (“rulership by dick”). Aristocracy (from the Greek “rule of the best”) is government rule by a few elite citizens. In Europe, the elite consisted of the nobility and higher clergy, often drawn from noble families.

What did the Enlightenment thinkers believe about government?

These thinkers valued reason, science, religious tolerance, and what they called “natural rights”—life, liberty, and property. Enlightenment philosophers John Locke, Charles Montesquieu, and Jean-Jacques Rousseau all developed theories of government in which some or even all the people would govern.

Does the type of government affect how democratic/monarchical a government is?

Whether a government is confederated, federal, or unitary does not necessarily affect how democratic/monarchical a government is. The Czech Republic (1993-present), for instance, is a unitary constitutional republic, but the German Empire (1871-1918) was a federal constitutional monarchy, emphasis on the monarchy.