Should C3 or C4 plants have faster photosynthetic rates?
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Should C3 or C4 plants have faster photosynthetic rates?
In hot and dry environments C4 photosynthesis is more efficient than C3 photosynthesis. This is due to two reasons. The first one is that the system does not undergo photorespiration, a process that runs counter to photosynthesis (see below).
Do C4 plants have a higher net photosynthetic rate because?
C4 plants have higher net photosynthetic rate as they have no photorespiration.
What is the rate of photosynthesis in C4 plants?
C4 Photosynthesis
| Parameter | C3 | C4 |
|---|---|---|
| Maximum daily production rate | 10–40 | 40–80 |
| Maximum biomass yield | 1–5 | 3–14 |
| Photosynthetic thermal optimum | 15–30 | 30–40 |
| Photorespiration/Photosynthesis @ 10 °C | 8\% | 1–5\% |
What are the main differences between C3 and C4 plants?
C3 vs C4 Plants
| C3 Plants | C4 Plants |
|---|---|
| Photorespiration is not suppressed | Photorespiration is suppressed |
| Carbon dioxide fixation is slow. | Carbon dioxide fixation is faster. |
| Photosynthesis occurs when stomata are open | Photosynthesis occurs even when stomata are closed. |
Why C4 plants have higher photosynthetic efficiency than C3 plants?
C4 plants are more efficient than C3 due to their high rate of photosynthesis and reduced rate of photorespiration. The main enzyme of carbon fixation (Calvin cycle) is RuBisCO. In C4 plants, photorespiration is highly reduced because carbon dioxide concentration is high at the RuBisCO site.
Which plants are more efficient C3 or C4?
However, the C4 anatomical and biochemical adaptations require additional plant energy and resources than C3 photosynthesis, and so in cooler environments, C3 plants are typically more photosynthetically efficient and productive.
Why are C4 plants better than C3?
C4 plants are more efficient than C3 due to their high rate of photosynthesis and reduced rate of photorespiration. When carbon dioxide concentration is low, RuBisCO takes up oxygen to perform photorespiration.
Does C3 plants have PEPCase?
The function of PEPCase is the addition of bicarbonate to phosphoenolpyruvate to form four carbon oxaloacetate and inorganic phosphate. Complete answer: C3 plants are those plants that utilise the C3 carbon fixation pathway for the fixation of carbon into sugars. Thus only C4 plants possess PEPCase and not C3 plants.
Does C3 and C4 plants have PEPCase?
In the C3 fixation pathway carbon dioxide and ribulose bisphosphate are converted into two molecules of 3-phosphoglycerate using the enzyme ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase oxygenase or RuBisCO. Thus only C4 plants possess PEPCase and not C3 plants.
Why is C4 photosynthesis better than C3?
The majority of plants and crop plants are C3 plants, referring to the fact that the first carbon compound produced during photosynthesis contains three carbon atoms. As a result in high light and temperature environments, C4 plants tend to be more productive than C3 plants.
How does the anatomy of a C3 leaf differ from that of a C4 leaf?
In C4 photosynthesis, where a four-carbon compound is produced, unique leaf anatomy allows carbon dioxide to concentrate in ‘bundle sheath’ cells around Rubisco. C3 plants do not have the anatomic structure (no bundle sheath cells) nor the abundance of PEP carboxylase to avoid photorespiration like C4 plants.
Which type of plants have more photosynthetic efficiency?
Corn, sugar cane, and sorghum are C4 plants. These plants are economically important in part because of their relatively high photosynthetic efficiencies compared to many other crops.
What are examples of C3 plants?
C3 plants are those where the first product of photosynthesis is a 3 carbon compound i.e. phosphoglyceric acid (PGA). Some good example of C3 plants include: China rose (Hibiscus rosa-sinensis) Ground nut ( Arachis hypogaea) Lemon ( Citrus limon ) Lotus ( Nelumbo nucifera ) Mango ( Mangifera indica ) Pea ( Pisum sativum)
What are examples of C4 plants?
Examples of C4 species are the economically important crops corn or maize (Zea mays), sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum), sorghum ( Sorghum bicolor ), and millets, as well as the switchgrass (Panicum virganum) which has been utilized as a source of biofuel .
What are C3 and C4 plants?
C3 plants: The plants exhibiting C3 pathway are called C3 plants. About 95\% of the plants on earth are C3 plants. C4 plants: The plants exhibiting C4 pathway are called C4 plants. C4 plants live in hot moist or arid and nonsaline habitats. It occurs in grasses, sugar cane, maize, sorghum , Amarathus and Atriplex .
What is the difference between C4 and C3?
Explanation: The first product of C3 plant is three carbon compound, while in C4 plant it is four carbon compound. The kranz anatomy is found in the C4 plants, while this type of anatomy is absent in the C3 plants. The C4 plants are found in tropical regions e.g., sugarcane, while C3 plants have wide range of distribution.