What do hydrometers used to measure the specific gravity of a liquid?
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What do hydrometers used to measure the specific gravity of a liquid?
A hydrometer is an instrument used to measure the specific gravity (or relative density) of liquids; that is, the ratio of the density of the liquid to the density of water. A hydrometer is usually made of glass and consists of a cylindrical stem and a bulb weighted with mercury or lead shot to make it float upright.
What is specific gravity How is it measured?
Specific gravity, also referred to as relative density, is used to relate the weight or density of liquids to that of water. Specific gravity is a unitless measurement that is derived as a ratio of either the weight of another liquid or the density of another liquid divided by the weight or density of water.
How does a hydrometer measure density?
Locate where the meniscus is at its lowermost point along the scale of the stem. Record the corresponding number from the scale. This measurement is the density (g/mL) of the liquid (see figure 4). To ensure an accurate measurement, keep the hydrometer free-floating in the center of the liquid’s container.
How does a hydrometer function?
Hydrometers function based on Archimedes’ principle or the principle of flotation, which states a solid suspended in a fluid will be buoyed up by a force equal to that of the weight of the fluid that is displaced. So, a hydrometer sinks further into a liquid of low density than into one of high density.
What is hydrometer analysis?
A hydrometer analysis is a measurement method used to determine soil particle size in a sample. Hydrometer analysis is specifically for soil particle sizes that are less than approximately 0.75 mm in diameter.
Why do we measure specific gravity?
Specific gravity is commonly used in industry as a simple means of obtaining information about the concentration of solutions of various materials such as brines, sugar solutions (syrups, juices, honeys, brewers wort, must, etc.) and acids.
How do you read specific gravity?
How to take a hydrometer reading using the specific gravity scale:
- Sanitize all equipment that will come in contact with your wine or beer.
- Take a sample of the liquid before you add the yeast.
- Place the sample in the hydrometer test jar.
- Spin the hydrometer to remove any bubbles that might be clinging to it.
Why we check specific gravity of battery?
Why measure the density / specific gravity of battery acid? Knowing the specific gravity of the electrolyte in batteries gives insight into the level of charge. Due to chemical reactions during discharge, the density of the sulfuric acid electrolyte (or its specific gravity) decreases.
How does hydrometer method determine soil texture?
The hydrometer method of particle size analysis calculates the physical proportions of these soil particles based on their settling rates in an aqueous solution and identifies three size classes: sand (2000 – 50 µm), silt (50 – 2.0 µm) and clay < 2.0 µm.
How to read a hydrometer?
Fill Test Jar with sample to be tested.
What is the specific gravity of liquid water?
Water has a specific gravity of 1.000 (near 4°C). If a liquid is more dense than water, then its specific gravity is greater than 1. If it is less dense than water, then the specific gravity is less than 1. To calculate the specific gravity of a liquid, you have to know its density.
What does the hydrometer measure?
A hydrometer or areometer is an instrument used for measuring the relative density of liquids based on the concept of buoyancy. They are typically calibrated and graduated with one or more scales such as specific gravity. A hydrometer usually consists of a sealed hollow glass tube with a wider bottom portion for buoyancy, a ballast such as lead or mercury for stability, and a narrow stem with graduations for measuring.