How does bentonite increase viscosity?

The bentonite extender can be either a salt or a polymer, it enhances viscosity buildup by slightly flocculating the bentonite suspension. Sodium carbonate is an example of a salt that can be added as an extender. More effective extenders than inorganic salts are the high molecular weight linear polymers.

Why are mixtures of bentonite clay in water viscous?

Bentonite properties include the ability to expand to ten times its volume when completely hydrated. It creates a very viscous, slippery, almost gel-like slurry that acts as a lubricant. These properties make this material very useful in the process of mud rotary borehole drilling.

What causes liquid viscosity to increase?

Viscosity generally increases as the temperature decreases. The viscosity of a liquid is related to the ease with which the molecules can move with respect to one another. Thus the viscosity of a liquid depends on the: strength of attractive forces between molecules, which depend on their composition, size, and shape.

What is the viscosity of bentonite?

muds were used in this analyses. The minimum and maximum values of apparent viscosity for drilling mud with varying bentonite contents were 1.1 cP and 19.7 cP respectively and the mean, standard deviation and Cov (\%) were 5.8 cP, 5.8 cP and 77.5\% respectively as shown in Fig.

What is bentonite drilling fluid?

The most common use of bentonite is in drilling fluids. The bentonite in the flush fluid lubricates and cools the cutting tools while protecting against corrosion. As the drilling fluid generates hydrostatic pressure in the borehole, it hinders fluid and gas penetration.

How much water can bentonite absorb?

Sodic bentonite can absorb up to 10 times its own weight in water and can swell to 18 times its dry volume. Thus, it can be applied where its colloidal properties can be exploited.

What is pH value of bentonite?

7.3 Types of Bentonite Natural sodium bentonite has moderate – and similar – proportions of exchangeable sodium and calcium, a moderate swelling index, and a basic pH (close to 9).

What does Bentonite Clay do?

People have used bentonite clay to remove impurities on the skin, such as oils, and toxins from the body for thousands of years. Bentonite clay is present in many skin products, but some people also add it to foods or drinks with the aim of relieving digestive issues or removing toxins from the body.

What is the main cause of viscosity?

Viscosity is a measure of the resistance of a fluid towards being deformed when under shear stress. Hence, it is also known as shear viscosity. It is caused by the attractive forces between molecules in close contact, and the friction between molecular chains.

How do you mix bentonite and water?

Very slowly add a half sack of bentonite to the water and circulate it with the mud pump. This results in very thorough mixing with no lumps. When mixed in a vessel this size, use a full sack of bentonite to get a very thick mud. This mud will then be diluted when it is added to the mud pits.

How mud viscosity does effect on the drilling operations?

Drilling mud is used to assist the drilling of wellbore into the earth. The mud viscosity is another important property, as cuttings will settle to the bottom of the well if the viscosity is too low. Fluids that have shear thinning and elevated viscosities are efficient for wellbore cleaning.

How do you increase the viscosity of bentonite?

If the mineral composition of a bentonite is such that its viscosifying power is insufficient, an extender can be added. The extender can be either a salt or a polymer, and it enhances viscosity buildup by slightly flocculating the bentonite suspension. Ion exchange. Extender addition.

What makes a good bentonite for drilling fluid?

A good bentonite for a drilling fluid requires montmorillonite with sodium and calcium as the minor-cations associated with its exchange sites. A drilling grade bentonite must readily disperse in water to produce a thixotropic or shear thinning fluid which possesses gel strength and a low fluid loss to the formation ( Mud School, 1996 ).

What happens when you soak raw bentonite with sodium salt?

Soaking raw bentonite with a solution of sodium salt resulted, through ion exchange, in a higher sodium bentonite content. More effective extenders than inorganic salts are the high molecular weight linear polymers. Drilling fluids are a vital factor in drilling a successful well.

How do you add a bentonite extender to a suspension?

The bentonite extender can be either a salt or a polymer, it enhances viscosity buildup by slightly flocculating the bentonite suspension. Sodium carbonate is an example of a salt that can be added as an extender. Soaking raw bentonite with a solution of sodium salt resulted, through ion exchange, in a higher sodium bentonite content.